Distillation, activation treatment after the production of activated carbon methods are :① steam, gas activation method.Carbon is activated by water vapor or carbon dioxide at 850~900℃.
② chemical activation method.Activated carbon can be obtained after high temperature treatment by using the gas released by the activator or soaking the raw material with the activator.Activated carbon has a micro product structure, the micro product arrangement is completely irregular, the product body has micropores (radius is less than 20[angstroms]=10-10 meters), through the hole (halfDiameter 20~1000), large hole (radius 1000~100000), so that it has a large inner surface, specific surface area of 500~1700 m 2/ g.This determines that activated carbon has good adsorption, can adsorb the metal ions in waste water and waste gas, harmful gases, organic pollutants, pigments and so on.
Industry should beActivated carbon also requires high mechanical strength, good wear resistance, its structure is stable, small energy required for adsorption, in order to be conducive to regeneration.Activated carbon for oilDecolorization, deodorization, gas separation, solvent recovery and air conditioning of fat, beverage, food and drinking water, used as catalyst or adsorbent for body and gas mask.Physical characteristics:Activated carbon is a kind of multi-aperture carbonization, has a very rich pore structure, has good adsorption characteristics, its adsorption by physical and chemicalAbsorbed from the force, the appearance of the color and lustre is black.Its composition in addition to the main carbon, but also contains a small amount of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, its structure is shaped like a hexagon, due to the irregular hexagon structure, determine the characteristics of its body also incandescentand high surface area, each gram of activated carbon has the equivalent of 1000 square meters than the surface.Activated carbon, is black powder or block, granular, honeycomb amorphous carbon, but also a regular arrangement of crystalline carbon.In addition to carbon elements, activated carbon also contains two kinds of admixtures: one is the chemical combination of elements, mainly oxygen and hydrogen, these elements are due to incomplete carbonization and residual in the carbon, or in the activation process, foreign non-carbon elements and activated carbon surface chemical combination;Another kind of admixture is ash, which is the inorganic part of activated carbon, and ash in active carbon is easy to cause secondary pollution.Because of its strong adsorption, activated carbon is widely used in production,In the life.Activated carbon material is processed by the amorphous carbon, has a large specific surface area, the gas, solution of inorganic or organic matter and colloidal particles have good adsorption capacity.Activated Carbon materials mainly include Activated Carbon (AC) and Activated Carbon Fibers (ACF), etc.Activated carbon material as a kind of excellent adsorbent, mainly because of its unique adsorption surface structure and surface chemical properties.Activated carbon material has stable chemical properties and high mechanical strength.Urban sludge is a carbon material rich in organic matter. The preparation of activated carbon can not only solve the disposal problem of sludge, but also generate efficient and cheap adsorbent, which conforms to the scientific concept of circular economy and sustainable development.yrd activated carbon
In this paper, the sludge of the municipal sewage plant was used as raw material, and the activated carbon was prepared by chemical activation method, and the adsorption of lead and cadmium was studied with it, so as to realize the use of waste for waste control. The conclusions are as follows:(1) According to the relevant national standards, the sludge of Liede Sewage Treatment Plant is mainly composed of volatile organic compounds, with a volatile content of 64.86%, which can be used as the main raw material for the preparation of activated carbon.activated charcoal nz wholesale
(2) Without adding additives to the sludge, the concentration of sulfuric acid and zinc chloride is 4 mol·L' and the volume ratio is 2:1. The activated carbon prepared has the maximum iodine adsorption value of 549.6 mg·g 'and the yield of 51.3%, which is the better carbon sample prepared by pure sludge and is recorded as SAC.(3) Adding 8% peanut shell, the iodine value of activated carbon of sludge reached 789.6mg · g', which was recorded as PACIt was found that the contents of volatile compounds and flavor components were related to the type of cigarettes and the amount of tar. The contents of volatile compounds and flavor components were higher in the flue-cured cigarettes than in the mixed cigarettes, and higher in the high tar cigarettes than in the low tar cigarettes. The types of fragrance components in smoke of different types of cigarettes are basically the same, but there are great differences in content. The contents of furfural, furfuryl alcohol, maltol, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, linolenic acid, methyl linolenic acid, linoleic acid, methyl palmitate and other components in flue-cured cigarettes were significantly higher than those in mixed cigarettes. This is related to the higher carbohydrate content in flue-cured cigarettes. Mixed-type cigarettes contain high content of 3-methylpentanoic acid and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds such as cotinine, ho ah, and methamine due to their formulations of burley tobacco and spice tobacco. The filtering law of activated carbon for different types of cigarettes is basically the same, that is, the filtering efficiency is related to the properties of compounds, especially with the molecular weight and boiling point of compounds. The filtration efficiency of activated carbon on flue-cured cigarettes was lower than that of mixed cigarettes.